旋风分离器压力损失及减阻杆的研究

本文介绍通过安装旋风分离器减阻杆前后压力损失及分离效率的测定，了解减阻杆对分离器性能的影响．根据流场测定结果，分析了减阻杆的减阻机理及减阻杆减阻时可保证分离效率的原因．     

平面坡体渐进破坏模型及其应用

平面坡体渐进破坏模型旨在通过在坡体稳定性分析中引进渐进坡坏的概念,来较合理地考虑岩土材料的峰值强度和残余强度在稳定性分析中的不同作用。通过与其它稳定性分析方法进行比较以及实例应用研究,证明该计算模型可用于初步判断坡体稳定状态并估算其破坏变形范围。这一研究也说明了水对边坡破坏的重要作用。     

吸收湿气对微电子塑料封装影响的研究进展

微电子塑料封装中常用的聚合物材料因易于吸收周围环境中的湿气而对器件本身的可靠性带 来很大影响, 本文回顾了封装材料中湿气扩散、湿应力及蒸汽压力的产生这3个互相联系过 程的研究情况, 从理论分析、特征参数描述及其实验测定、有限元模拟分析的角度来分别予 以介绍.从已有的理论分析与实验结果中可以看出, 塑封材料吸收湿气会给器件的可靠性带 来诸多影响, 湿气的吸收、扩散、蒸发等过程, 实验测量, 以及由湿气带来的其它相关问题正 成为微电子封装可靠性研究领域中的新热点, 受到越来越多的关注与重视.     

碳纤维缠绕铝内胆气瓶的有限元分析与自紧设计

碳纤维缠绕铝内胆气瓶应用广泛，由于贮气压力高，安全性特别重要。铝内胆外表缠绕碳纤维的气瓶的重量比金属气瓶轻很多，已从航天航空应用转向民用。这种气瓶的设计和制造，在我国，国家标准还没有公布，在国际上较多采用DOT CFFC标准。本文对气瓶进行深入的有限元分析，参考DOT CFFC标准来讨论气瓶的设计和自紧。如采用其他标准，做法是一样的。本文有限元分析采用ANSYS程序。     

Two-dimensional problem of periodic loading of an elastic plate floating on the surface of an infinitely deep fluid

The action of external periodic pressure on an elastic plate floating on the surface of a fluid assumed to be ideal and incompressible is examined by the method of normal modes in the linear formulation. The behavior of the matrix of coefficients of the hydrodynamic load on the plate is considered in detail for different frequencies. The behavior of the plate under localized periodic loading is compared for the cases of a heavy fluid with a finite or infinite depth and for a weightless infinite-depth fluid. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 46, No. 3, pp. 61–72, May–June, 2005.     

Microscale heat transfer in an evaporating moving extended meniscus

The evaporative heat flux distribution in the leading edge region of a moving evaporating thin liquid film of pentane on quartz was obtained by analyzing the measured thickness profile for thicknesses, δ < 2 μm. The profiles in a constrained vapor bubble were obtained using image analyzing interferometry. Although the evaporating meniscus appeared to be benign (i.e., without additional observed motion beyond creeping), high heat fluxes were obtained. Significantly higher heat fluxes are possible. The interfacial slope, curvature, interfacial shear stress, and liquid pressure profiles were also obtained. Results obtained using a continuum model were consistent with those obtained using a control volume model. The measured pressure field profile of the isothermal extended meniscus agreed with the constant pressure field predicted by the augmented Young–Laplace model. For the non-isothermal case, measured thickness gradients lead to disjoining pressure and curvature gradients for fluid flow and evaporation. The experimental results demonstrate that disjoining pressure at the contact line controls fluid flow within an evaporating completely wetting thin curved film and is, therefore, a useful boundary condition. However, in small interfacial systems, non-idealities can have a dramatic effect.     

Analytical Model for The Capillary Pressure Gradient in Oil–Water–Rock System

A simplified analytical expression for the capillary pressure gradient in homogeneous porous media is proposed. Basic assumptions are: (1) the three phase contact angle between two fluids and porous rock is finite, (2) the surface area of contact between two fluids is small in comparison with contact surface areas between each fluid and porous rock in the unit volume of the system under consideration, (3) the model corresponds to conditions when both phases are continuous.     

建筑风压场数值模拟中压力波动的平抑

在以同位网格为基础的简单流场压力计算中,通常采用动量插值方法来平抑流场中的压力波动现象;但是对于建筑风场等复杂的钝体绕流问题,由该平抑方法得到的收敛风压场仍可能存在小幅波动。为彻底解决同位网格格式下的压力波动,除采用动量插值方法外,本文提出了在压力校正方程的界面流速中添加压力梯度差值项的方法。算例分析表明,该方法计算得到的建筑风压场完全避免了压力波动现象,风压解与试验结果吻合良好。     

Étude des temps de chauffage et de refroidissement des alliages à mémoire de forme (AMF)Heating and cooling time studies of shape memory alloys (SMA)

The knowledge of response times of active material is essential for their efficient use as actuators. In this paper the heating and cooling times of a shape memory alloy wire (NiTi) under a constant load are predicted by the integration of the corresponding heat equation. The comparison with a ‘fictitious’ material with the same material characteristics but without phase transformation shows that the response times are longer for the SMA (around 2.7 times for heating and 1.5 times for cooling). To cite this article: N. Chaillet et al., C. R. Mecanique 332 (2004).     

等熵轻质活塞风洞中活塞质量对匹配压力振荡的影响

等熵轻质活塞风洞的管道中被压缩的气体是作为实验段的气源，在实验阶段，要求其压力维持恒值，称此压力为匹配压力，这一条件只有在忽略活塞质量的理想情况下才可实现，本文研究在实际情况下，即考虑活塞质量时，质量对匹配压力振荡的影响，从而得出活塞质量的选择范围。